U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Status:
US Approved OTC
Source:
21 CFR 341.20(b)(7) cough/cold:nasal decongestant oxymetazoline hydrochloride
Source URL:
First approved in 1964
Source:
Afrin by Schering
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Oxymetazoline is an adrenergic alpha-agonist, direct acting sympathomimetic, used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion The sympathomimetic action of oxymetazoline constricts the smaller arterioles of the nasal passages, producing a prolonged (up to 12 hours), gentle and decongesting effect. Oxymetazoline elicits relief of conjunctival hyperemia by causing vasoconstriction of superficial conjunctival blood vessels. The drug's action has been demonstrated in acute allergic conjunctivitis and in chemical (chloride) conjunctivitis. Oxymetazoline is self-medication for temporary relief of nasal congestion associated with the common cold, hay fever, or other upper respiratory allergies. Oxymetazoline is available over-the-counter as a topical decongestant in the form of oxymetazoline hydrochloride in nasal sprays such as Afrin, Operil, Dristan, Dimetapp, oxyspray, Facimin, Nasivin, Nostrilla, Sudafed OM, Vicks Sinex, Zicam, SinuFrin, and Mucinex Full Force. Due to its vasoconstricting properties, oxymetazoline is also used to treat nose bleeds and eye redness.
Angiotensinamide is octapeptide amide of bovine angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure by vasoconstriction. Angiotensinamide is indicated for the treatment of severe hypotension unresponsive to traditional pressor agents. Angiotensinamide has a strong pressure effect, due to the increased peripheral resistance of blood vessels, especially small caliber arterioles. Under the influence of angiotensinamide, the vessels of the internal organs, skin, kidneys are particularly narrowed. Blood circulation in skeletal muscles and coronary vessels does not change significantly. The drug has no direct effect on the heart and does not cause arrhythmias in therapeutic doses. Angiotensinamide is rapidly inactivated by enzymes contained in the blood, and therefore, when administered once, it has a short-term (2–3 min) pressure effect. However, the duration of the effect can be relatively easily controlled by selecting the appropriate rate of administration of the drug solution.